Stomach Cancer or Gastric Cancer

Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the lining of the stomach. It is a relatively common cancer but can be challenging to detect in its early stages, as symptoms may not appear until the disease is more advanced. There are different types of stomach cancer, and the most common type is adenocarcinoma, which originates in the glandular cells lining the stomach.

Risk Factors: Several factors may increase the risk of developing stomach cancer, including:

1. Infection with Helicobacter pylori: A bacterium that can infect the stomach lining and is a major risk factor for stomach cancer.

2. Age: The risk of stomach cancer increases with age, and it is more common in older adults.

3. Gender: Stomach cancer is more common in men than in women.

4. Diet: A diet high in salty and smoked foods, as well as low intake of fruits and vegetables, may increase the risk.

5. Tobacco and Alcohol Use: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are associated with an increased risk.

6. Family History: A family history of stomach cancer or certain genetic conditions can contribute to the risk.

7. Previous Stomach Surgery: Individuals who have undergone certain types of stomach surgery may have an elevated risk.

Symptoms: Early-stage stomach cancer may not cause noticeable symptoms, and as the cancer progresses, symptoms may include:

• Abdominal pain or discomfort: Especially in the upper abdomen.

• Indigestion and heartburn: Chronic indigestion may be a symptom.

• Nausea and vomiting: Particularly after meals.

• Unexplained weight loss: Without an obvious cause.

• Loss of appetite: A feeling of fullness even after a small meal.

• Blood in the stool: This may appear as black, tarry stools.

Diagnosis:

• Endoscopy: A procedure where a flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the stomach to visualize and biopsy suspicious areas.

• Imaging Studies: CT scans, MRIs, and other imaging tests help determine the extent of the cancer.

• Biopsy: Removal of a small tissue sample for laboratory examination to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment:

• Surgery: Surgical removal of the tumor is a common treatment, and the extent of surgery depends on the stage of the cancer.

• Chemotherapy and Radiation: These may be used before or after surgery to shrink tumors, destroy cancer cells, or prevent recurrence.

• Targeted Therapies and Immunotherapy: Newer treatment options that target specific characteristics of cancer cells.

Prognosis: The prognosis for stomach cancer depends on the stage at diagnosis. Unfortunately, many cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, which can impact treatment outcomes.

Prevention strategies may include addressing risk factors, such as treating H. pylori infections, adopting a healthy diet, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption. Regular medical check-ups and seeking prompt medical attention for symptoms are crucial for early detection and better treatment outcomes. If you suspect stomach cancer or experience persistent symptoms, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation.

Category : Stomach Cancer or Gastric Cancer